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Why Herbalists prefer Polypharmacy over Standardised Extracts from Single Herbs
The Abstract for Presentation at the Association of Applied Biologists - Imperial College, London, UK on 23rd April 2003

By Jill Davies


Polypharmacy is the provision of many herbs (in their whole state) in one formula, deliberately addressing many patient issues at the same time. Practitioners will select herbs to promote specific healing mechanisms, exposing the recipient to a range of therapeutic biochemistry to stimulate a range of healing mechanisms. These aid and reinforce each other.
Some herbs known as 'simples' can be used on their own, due to their particular chemistry. Simples were and are a powerful part of medicinal plant use, yet formulas containing several plants provide an array of biochemistry able to stimulate, nurture, provoke, soften, combat, detoxify, eliminate and build all in one go. With this, many organs are worked and problems can be better addressed as the whole body is taken into consideration.

Modern research has focused on standardising herb extracts, yet there are dangers in this strategy of isolating one perceived 'active ingredient'.
Many herbs are being subjected to artificial enhancement of active constituents, using methods having little or no traditional basis. Research on herbs for 'active ingredients at pharmacological levels' have resulted in concentrated constituents, perceived as 'magic bullet' elements.
It has already been seen that mistakes can occur. This has resulted in dangerous situations - for example the case of Kava Kava (piper methysticum), where kavalatones were extracted using acetone or ethanol instead of water (the traditional extraction technique used in Polynesia). Alarming adverse reactions occurred, resulting in Kava being banned for use by the Medicines Control Agency. (It is thought that reactions were due to the concentration of kavalactones.)
Modern research is highly desirable - indeed vital - but the conclusions may be questionable. Research having used only one or two herbal components are, alas, quite unrepresentative of either the plant itself - or a real treatment regime! To what, then, do conclusions relate? Researchers need to consult with an experienced herbal practitioner - and manufacturers need to head their advice.

The U.K.'s Department of Health is moving to recognise professional Herbal Practitioners. New legislation ('Proposed legislation on Traditional Herbal Medicines') has been drafted to ensure the safety of herbal preparations and their use.

To this end, I encourage the modern and traditional groups to work together. We, the growers, collectors, biochemists, scientists, practitioners and patients - need to collaborate to make genuine progress.
Worldwide - for thousands of years - people have used mixes of whole herbs as effective medicines. Let's not turn our back on this ancient knowledge.

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